Fedora

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Fedora ( Fedora Linux，第七版以前为Fedora Core) 是较具知名度的 Linux 发行套件之一，由 Fedora Project 社群开发、红帽公司赞助，目标是建立一套新颖、多功能（桌面与服务器等[来源请求]）并且自由（开放源代码）的操作系统。

Fedora 是奠基于 Red Hat Linux，在 Red Hat Linux 终止发行后，红帽公司计划以 Fedora 来取代 Red Hat Linux 在个人应用的领域，而另外发行的 Red Hat Enterprise Linux （Red Hat 企业版 Linux，RHEL）则取代 Red Hat Linux 在商业应用的领域。

Fedora 的功能对于使用者而言，它是一套功能完备、更新快速的免费操作系统[来源请求]，而对赞助者 Red Hat 公司而言，它是许多新技术的测试平台，被认为可用的技术最终会加入到 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 中。

Fedora Project 大约每六个月发布新版本，目前 Fedora 最新的版本是 Fedora 11。

最早 Fedora Linux 社群的目标是为 Red Hat Linux 制作并发布第三方的软件套件，然而当 Red Hat Linux 停止发行后，Fedora 社群便整合到 Red Hat 赞助的 Fedora Project ，目标是开发出由社群支援的操作系统（事实上，Fedora Project 除了由志愿者组织外，也有许多 Red Hat 的员工参与开发[4]）。Red Hat Enterprise Linux 则取代 Red Hat Linux 成为官方支援的系统版本。

Fedora Core 10 发行公告 以下是官方中文网站介绍的 Fedora 10 主要特性：

   * 无线连接共享启用 ad hoc 网络共享

   * 更好的设置并通过改进的管理工具使用打印机

   * 现在简化了本地和远程连接的虚拟化存储供应

   * SecTool 是一个新的安全性审核及入侵侦测系统

   * RPM 4.6 是强大、灵活的软件管理程序库的主要更新 这个发行本中包括的其它特性

   * 通过重新编写 PulseAudio 声音服务器，让其使用基于时间的音频调度实现无故障音频以及更好的性能

   * 提高的摄像头支持

   * 更好支持红外远程控制使其方便与很多应用程序连接

   * 已为普通用户将 /usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin 添加到 PATH 以便简化命令行管理任务

   * 在线帐户服务为位于 http://online.gnome.org 或者保存在 GConf 中的帐户提供带证书的应用程序 http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/OnlineAccountsService

Fedora 11 的​主​要​特​性​如下：

   * Automatic font and mime-type installation - PackageKit was introduced in Fedora 9 as a cross-distro software management application for users. The capabilities it offers thanks to integration with the desktop became more visible in Fedora 10, where it provided automatic codec installation. Now in Fedora 11, PackageKit extends this functionality with the ability to automatically install fonts where needed for viewing and editing documents. It also includes the capability to install handlers for specific content types as needed. Some work is still being completed to provide automatic installation of applications.
   * Volume Control - Currently, people using Fedora have to go through many levels of mixers in different applications to properly set up sound sources. These are all exposed in the volume control on the desktop, making for a very confusing user experience. PulseAudio allows us to unify the volume controls in one interface that makes setting up sound easier and more pain-free.
   * Intel, ATI and Nvidia kernel modsetting - Fedora 10 provided the first steps by a major distribution into using the kernel modesetting (KMS) feature to speed up graphical boot. We indicated at the time that we would be adding greater support for additional video cards as time went on. KMS originally was featured only on some ATI cards. In Fedora 11, this work is extended to include many more video cards, including Intel and Nvidia, and additional ATI as well. Although not fully complete, we have increased enormously the video card coverage of the KMS feature, with more to come.
   *  Fingerprint - Extensive work has been done to make fingerprint readers easy to use as an authentication mechanism. Currently, using fingerprint readers is a bit of a pain, and installing/using fprint and its pam module take more time than should ever be necessary. The goal of this feature is to make it painless by providing all the required pieces in Fedora, together with nicely integrated configuration. To enable this functionality the user will register their fingerprints on the system as part of user account creation. After doing so, they will easily be able to log in and authenticate seamlessly using a simple finger swipe. This greatly simplifies one element of identity management and is a great step in the evolution of the linux desktop.
   * IBus input method system - ibus has been rewritten in C and is the new default input method for Asian languages. It allows input methods to be added and removed dynamically during a desktop session. It supports Chinese (pinyin, libchewing, tables), Indic (m17n), Japanese (anthy), Korean (libhangul), and more. There are still some features missing compared to scim so testing is strongly encouraged and reports of problems and suggestions for improvements welcome.
   * Presto - Normally when you update a package in Fedora, you download an entire replacement package. Most of the time (especially for the larger packages), most of the actual data in the updated package is the same as the original package, but you still end up downloading the full package. Presto allows you to download the difference (called the delta) between the package you have installed and the one you want to update to. This can reduce the download size of updates by 60% – 80%. It is not enabled by default for this release. To make use of this feature you must install the yum-presto plugin with yum install yum-presto.
     For further details refer to the Presto wiki page 

这​个​发​行​本​中​包​括​的​其​它​特​性​：

   * Ext4 filesystem - The ext3 file system has remained the mature standard in Linux for a long time. The ext4 file system is a major update that has an improved design, even better performance and reliability, support for much larger storage, and very fast file system checks and file deletions. It is now the default filesystem for new installations.
   * Virt Improved Console - In Fedora 10 and earlier the virtual guest console is limited to a screen resolution of 800x600. In Fedora 11 the goal is to have the screen default to at least 1024x768 resolution out of the box. New installations of F11 provide the ability to use other interface devices in the virtual guest, such as a USB tablet, which the guest will automatically detect and configure. Among the results is a mouse pointer that tracks the local client pointer one-for-one, and providing expanded capabilities.
   * MinGW (Windows cross compiler) - Fedora 11 provides MinGW, a development environment for Fedora users who wish to cross-compile their programs to run on Windows without having to use Windows. In the past developers have had to port and compile all of the libraries and tools they have needed, and this huge effort has happened independently many times over. MinGW eliminates duplication of work for application developers by providing a range of libraries and development tools already ported to the cross-compiler environment. Developers don't have to recompile the application stack themselves, but can concentrate just on the changes needed to their own application. 

Features for Fedora 11 tracked on the feature list page: http://www.fedoraproject.org/wiki/Releases/11/FeatureList